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Country trademark guide · Updated

Trademark registration in Belarus

To register a trademark in Belarus, file with the National Center of Intellectual Property (NCIP) or designate Belarus through the Madrid System. Applicants based abroad need a patent attorney registered with NCIP. Fees are set in "base values" (BYN 45 in 2026), and Belarus has no pre-registration opposition: earlier right holders oppose only after registration.

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Five questions first

Which route?File directly with NCIP if you only need Belarus and want flexibility to adjust the goods; designate Belarus through Madrid if you already have a home application or registration and want several countries.Details ↓What do I need?The applicant's name and address, a power of attorney for a Belarusian patent attorney, a representation of the mark (foreign words with a Russian transliteration and translation) and goods or services listed item by item under the Nice Classification.Details ↓How are official fees charged?One class: 38 base values (BYN 1,710) at filing and a 19 base-value registration fee (BYN 855) after approval; each additional class adds 5 base values. Service fees are quoted separately.Details ↓How long does it take?Statutory: formal examination 2 months, substantive examination within 2 years of acceptance; NCIP says about 11 months in practice, and from 26 July 2027 the limit falls to 1 year.Details ↓What are the main risks?No pre-registration opposition: examiners check earlier marks themselves; a letter of consent overcomes similarity but cannot be withdrawn; after 3 consecutive years of non-use, anyone can ask the Supreme Court to revoke.Details ↓
Key facts

Trademarks in Belarus: key facts

OfficeThe state institution National Center of Intellectual Property (Национальный центр интеллектуальной собственности, NCIP) is the patent office under the Trademark Law: it receives, examines and registers applications and issues certificates; appeals against examination decisions and post-registration oppositions are heard by the Appeals Board at NCIP. Website and search links: IP Toolbox.
LawLaw on Trademarks and Service Marks (No. 2181-XII of 5 February 1993; current text as amended by Law No. 243-З of 2023, in force since 13 November 2023); registration procedure in the Regulations on the Registration of Trademarks and Service Marks approved by Council of Ministers Resolution No. 1719 of 2009; official fees under Chapter 27 and Annex 23 of the Tax Code (Special Part). The amendments to the Trademark Law made by Law No. 170-З of 17 July 2026 take effect on 26 July 2027
Madrid SystemParty to the Madrid Agreement since 25 December 1991 and the Madrid Protocol since 18 January 2002, so Belarus can be designated through Madrid; Belarus has declared an 18-month refusal period and an individual fee (under Article 9sexies of the Protocol, neither declaration applies to designations from an office of origin bound by both treaties, such as China)
Eurasian Economic Union trademarkThe Treaty on Trademarks of the Eurasian Economic Union entered into force on 26 April 2021; Belarus has written the EAEU trademark fees into Annex 23 of the Tax Code and the filing rules into the Registration Regulations, but as of the check date no official announcement that any member state's office has started accepting EAEU trademark applications could be found
Foreign applicantsApplicants whose permanent residence or place of business is outside Belarus must act through a patent attorney registered with NCIP (unless an international treaty provides otherwise); the power of attorney and proof of payment can follow within 2 months of filing, otherwise the application is deemed not filed
Language and formBelarusian or Russian; on paper or through NCIP's electronic filing system, where the filing fee is charged at 85%; translations of foreign-language documents can follow within 2 months, signed by the applicant or the attorney
Classes and fee basisOne application covers one mark and can include several Nice classes; the filing fee covers 1 class and each additional class adds 5 base values; if the fee paid is short, you have 1 month after notification to pay the difference, otherwise only the paid classes are examined
Examination time (statutory)Formal examination 2 months (from receipt of the last required document); substantive examination within 2 years of the acceptance decision; after approval, registration within 1 month of NCIP receiving proof of payment of the registration fee, and the certificate within 1 month of registration. From 26 July 2027 the substantive examination limit falls to 1 year and the certificate is issued within 5 working days; applications filed before then keep the old periods
Time in practice (official statement)In February 2025 NCIP stated that the statutory maximum is 28 months and protection is obtained in about 11 months in practice; expedited examination and registration can be bought from NCIP under a contract, at the fastest 15 working days from payment
Opposition (statutory)No pre-registration opposition; application details are published on NCIP's website from the working day after the acceptance decision and anyone can consult them. After registration, anyone can oppose before the Appeals Board: on relative grounds such as an earlier mark, within 5 years of publication of the registration; on absolute and other grounds, throughout the term
Term and renewal10 years from the filing date; renew in the last year of the term, for 10 years each time without limit; within 6 months after expiry, renewal is still possible for an additional fee
Non-use (statutory)After any 3 consecutive years of non-use without good reason following registration, anyone can ask the Supreme Court to terminate protection early for all or some of the goods; preparatory acts not directly linked to putting goods on the market do not count as use
Fee basisSet in Annex 23 of the Tax Code in "base values"; from 1 January 2026, 1 base value = BYN 45 (Council of Ministers Resolution No. 651 of 2025); residents and non-residents pay the same rates, and non-tax residents abroad pay in US dollars, euros, Swiss francs or Russian roubles at the National Bank rate on the day of payment
Official feesOne class: filing and formal examination fee 10 base values + substantive examination fee 28 base values = 38 base values (BYN 1,710), paid with the application; after approval, registration and certificate fee 19 base values (BYN 855); each additional class adds 5 base values (BYN 225)

Checked on 2026-10-11; general information only — the office's published rules and fees prevail.

Which route

Direct filing or a Madrid designation

Both routes lead to protection in Belarus. They differ in prerequisites, whether you must appoint a Belarusian patent attorney first, fee structure and dependency risk. NCIP examines Madrid designations on the same absolute grounds and against the same earlier marks as direct applications.

ItemDirect filing with NCIPMadrid designation of Belarus
PrerequisiteNoneA basic application or registration at your office of origin
Official feesIn base values, paid in two stages: at filing, the filing fee (covering 1 class, with a surcharge per additional class) and the substantive examination fee; after approval, the registration and certificate feeBasic fee paid to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), plus: if your office of origin is bound by both the Madrid Agreement and the Protocol (e.g. China), only the CHF 100 complementary fee for Belarus (and a supplementary fee for more than 3 classes), as Article 9sexies of the Protocol excludes the individual fee; from other offices of origin, Belarus's individual fee (one amount for up to 3 classes, plus a fee for each further class). See the WIPO fee calculator
Belarusian patent attorneyRequired from filing for applicants based abroadNot needed to file; required to answer a refusal notice or to appeal to NCIP
Examination timeStatutory: formal examination 2 months, substantive examination within 2 years of acceptance; NCIP stated in 2025 that it takes about 11 months in practiceExamined within the refusal period under the Madrid Protocol (Belarus has declared 18 months); the result is notified through WIPO
Wording of goods and servicesListed item by item under the Nice Classification; foreign-language marks need a Russian or Belarusian transliteration and translationCannot go beyond the basic application or registration
Dependency riskNoneIf the basic application or registration is refused or cancelled within 5 years, the Belarusian designation falls with it
Best forYou only need Belarus; you have no home filing to rely on; you need flexibility to adjust the goodsYou already have a home filing and want protection in several countries

The treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union trademark (one application covering Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Russia) entered into force on 26 April 2021, but filing opens only once each member state has written the fees into its national law and notified the Eurasian Economic Commission. Belarus has listed the EAEU trademark fees in Annex 23 of the Tax Code and written the filing rules into the Registration Regulations, yet as of the check date no official announcement that any member state's office has started accepting applications could be found. Until then, protection in these countries requires a separate application in each, or individual Madrid designations; for Russia, see Trademark registration in Russia; for Armenia, see Trademark registration in Armenia.

Belarus is not a member of the European Union, so an EU trademark does not cover Belarus; for neighbouring Poland, see Trademark registration in Poland.

For a general comparison of the two routes, see Madrid designation or direct national filing: which one fits your case. Not sure? Run a free search first, then submit an order online; the agent will recommend a route based on the search results.

What to prepare

Documents checklist

For a direct application to NCIP, applicants based abroad usually prepare the following information and documents.

Applicant

  • Name (for a company, its registered name) and address; the application is completed in Belarusian or Russian, with the attorney handling the translation
  • The application must include consent to the processing of personal data (standard wording required by law, completed by the attorney on the form)

Power of attorney

  • A power of attorney for a Belarusian patent attorney in the form prescribed by the State Committee on Science and Technology, signed by the applicant; it can be filed with the application or within 2 months after filing
  • If the power of attorney is not in Belarusian or Russian, attach a translation signed by the applicant or the attorney
  • Provide the power of attorney and other signed documents as your attorney instructs

The mark

  • Word marks: state the wording; on paper the representation goes in an 8×8 cm box, and for electronic filing it is a .jpg file of no more than 300 DPI
  • Foreign-language marks need a Belarusian or Russian transliteration, and a translation if they have a meaning; explain how invented or rare words are formed
  • Three-dimensional marks: two-dimensional drawings or photographs showing the three-dimensional features, in several views if needed

Goods and services

  • Listed item by item under the Nice Classification and grouped by class; the filing fee covers 1 class, and each additional class adds 5 base values
  • If the fee paid does not match the number of classes, NCIP notifies you and you have 1 month to pay the difference, or to specify which of the classes applied for to keep within the fee paid

Priority and consent (if any)

  • Earlier application filed abroad: priority can be claimed within 6 months; declare it at filing or within 2 months after
  • Letter of consent from the owner of an earlier mark: signed by the owner or an authorised person (with a document showing that authority), with a Belarusian or Russian translation if in another language; once issued, consent cannot be withdrawn

Applications can be filed on paper or through NCIP's electronic filing system, where the filing and formal examination fee is charged at 85%; for applicants based abroad, the attorney files on their behalf. Proof of payment must reach NCIP within 2 months of filing, otherwise the application is deemed not filed.

How long

Process and timeline

Example: a direct application with no refusal.

  1. Step 1

    Clearance search (recommended)

    Search for identical and similar marks, check what the mark means in Russian and Belarusian, and settle the classes and wording

  2. Step 2

    Filing and fees

    Pay the filing and formal examination fee together with the substantive examination fee; proof of payment and the power of attorney can follow within 2 months of filing (statutory)

  3. Step 3

    Formal examination and publication

    Completed within 2 months of receipt of the last required document (statutory); application details are published on NCIP's website from the working day after the acceptance decision

  4. Step 4

    Substantive examination

    Absolute grounds and earlier marks are examined; completed within 2 years of the acceptance decision (statutory); NCIP stated in 2025 that it takes about 11 months in practice; examiner's queries must be answered within 3 months, extendable for a fee

  5. Step 5

    Approval and registration fee

    Pay the registration and certificate fee as set out in the approval decision; NCIP registers the mark within 1 month of receiving proof of payment (statutory); if the fee is not paid in time, the decision is converted into a refusal

  6. Step 6

    Certificate

    Issued within 1 month of registration (statutory); from 26 July 2027, within 5 working days

NCIP publishes no average statistics from filing to registration; "about 11 months" is its official statement of February 2025, not a statutory period. If the application is refused, you can request re-examination within 3 months of receiving the decision (extendable for a fee, up to 18 months), or appeal to the Appeals Board or a court within 1 year; a decision of the Appeals Board can be challenged before the Supreme Court within 6 months. This makes the process considerably longer.

If you need the registration urgently, NCIP sells expedited examination, registration and certificate issue under a contract, at the fastest 15 working days from payment (excluding the time to sign the contract), at a price set in the contract.

Law No. 170-З of 17 July 2026 shortens the substantive examination limit to 1 year and certificate issue to 5 working days, with effect from 26 July 2027; applications filed before that date are examined under the old periods.

How to read the periods: "statutory" = set by law; "official statistics" = averages published by the office; "estimate" = typical cases. Actual timing varies.

How much

Official fees

Belarusian trademark fees are "patent fees" under Annex 23 of the Tax Code (Special Part), set in "base values" and converted at the base value in force on the day of payment: from 1 January 2026, 1 base value = BYN 45 (Belarusian roubles). Rates are the same for residents and non-residents, but non-tax residents abroad pay in US dollars, euros, Swiss francs or Russian roubles at the National Bank of Belarus rate on the day of payment. Fees are paid in two stages: at filing, the filing and formal examination fee (covering 1 class, with a surcharge per additional class) together with the substantive examination fee; after approval, the registration and certificate fee. The table below converts the 2026 base value into roubles.

ItemChargedAmountApprox. USD
Paid on filing
Filing and preliminary examination fee (one class included; 10 base values)Per application450 BYN≈ USD 147
Filing and preliminary examination fee: each additional class (5 base values)Each additional class225 BYN≈ USD 74
Examination fee for the sign (per application, no class surcharge; paid with the filing fee; 28 base values)Per application1,260 BYN≈ USD 412
Paid on registration
Registration and certificate fee (payable on allowance, per application; 19 base values)Per application855 BYN≈ USD 280
Payable when applicable
Six-month grace period fee for late renewal (in addition to the renewal fee; 19 base values)Per application855 BYN≈ USD 280
Extension of the time limit to reply to an examination request (per month, within 6 months after expiry; 2 base values)Per application90 BYN≈ USD 29
Request for re-examination after refusal (per application; 10 base values)Per application450 BYN≈ USD 147
Appeal against a refusal decision before the Appeal Council (per application; 19 base values)Per application855 BYN≈ USD 280
Opposition against a registered trademark before the Appeal Council (per registration; 29 base values)Per application1,305 BYN≈ USD 427
Restoration of a time limit missed by the applicant (per request; 5 base values)Per application225 BYN≈ USD 74
Keeping the registration
Renewal fee (every 10 years, per registration, no class surcharge; 60 base values)Per application2,700 BYN≈ USD 883
Recording a change or correction in the register (per entry; 7 base values)Per application315 BYN≈ USD 103
Examination of a licence, assignment or pledge agreement for recordal (one mark included; each additional mark 5 base values = BYN 225; 10 base values)Per application450 BYN≈ USD 147

Source: pravo.by · Rouble amounts in the table are converted at the base value in force from 1 January 2026 (BYN 45); the base value is adjusted yearly and the value on the day of payment applies. · checked on 2026-10-11 · USD figures are approximate, converted at the Bank of China spot selling rate (or, for currencies it does not quote, at the central bank's published USD rate); the official fee is the amount in the original currency

Official fees are as published by the office; the service fee is quoted by an agent after you submit, and you pay only after accepting the quote.

Example: an application covering 1 class pays at filing the 10 base-value filing and formal examination fee + the 28 base-value substantive examination fee = 38 base values, i.e. BYN 1,710; after approval, the 19 base-value registration and certificate fee, i.e. BYN 855: 57 base values = BYN 2,565 in official fees in total.

With 3 classes, the filing and formal examination fee is 10 + 2×5 = 20 base values, plus the 28 base-value substantive examination fee: 48 base values = BYN 2,160 at filing; the registration and certificate fee does not depend on the number of classes and stays at 19 base values, so official fees total 67 base values = BYN 3,015.

Applications filed through NCIP's electronic filing system pay the filing and formal examination fee at 85% (8.5 base values for 1 class); the substantive examination and registration fees are not discounted.

The base value is reset by the Council of Ministers each year, so the rouble amounts change with it, and applicants abroad pay the equivalent in foreign currency at the rate on the day of payment. Service fees are quoted by the agent after you submit the order; you pay only after accepting the quote.

Watch out

Rules specific to Belarus and common refusals

These are the most common issues in Belarusian examination, along with Belarus-specific rules that are easy to overlook.

No pre-registration opposition: applications are public once accepted

A feature of Belarus: once an application passes formal examination and an acceptance decision is made, its details are published on NCIP's website from the next working day and anyone can consult them, but the law provides no opposition procedure before registration. Earlier marks are checked by the examiner ex officio; earlier right holders can only oppose before the Appeals Board after registration, within 5 years of publication of the registration for relative grounds such as an earlier mark, and without that limit for absolute grounds. For applicants, this means the search has to be done before filing rather than waiting for someone to oppose.

Substantive examination: statutory limit 2 years, about 11 months in practice

The current law only requires substantive examination to be completed within 2 years of the acceptance decision; with formal examination, registration and certificate issue, the statutory maximum is 28 months. NCIP stated in February 2025 that it takes about 11 months in practice. When planning product launches or e-commerce brand registrations, work from the official statement but leave room up to the statutory limit. From 26 July 2027 the substantive examination limit falls to 1 year, but only for applications filed after that date.

Consent overcomes similarity, but cannot be withdrawn once given

A mark confusingly similar to an earlier mark can be registered with the written consent of the earlier owner. The Registration Regulations provide that consent cannot be withdrawn; if it is signed by an authorised representative of the owner, a document showing that authority must be attached or the consent is not accepted; a consent in another language needs a Belarusian or Russian translation. When trading consent for registration, state the mark and the goods covered clearly in the letter.

After 3 years of non-use, anyone can ask the Supreme Court to revoke

After any 3 consecutive years of non-use without good reason following registration, anyone can apply to the Supreme Court to terminate protection early for all or some of the goods. Use by a licensee counts as use by the owner, but preparatory acts with no direct link to putting goods on the market do not. Keep dated evidence of sales, customs clearance and advertising in Belarus.

Fees change yearly with the base value, and applicants abroad pay in foreign currency

Official fees are not fixed rouble amounts but multiples of the "base value", converted every 1 January at the new base value set by the Council of Ministers (BYN 45 for 2026). Non-tax residents abroad cannot pay directly in roubles: they pay in US dollars, euros, Swiss francs or Russian roubles at the National Bank of Belarus rate on the day of payment, through the channel your attorney indicates. If payment falls in a new year, the base value on the day of payment applies.

Foreign-language marks need a transliteration and translation, and their meaning is examined

The application must state a Belarusian or Russian transliteration of a foreign-language mark, and a translation if it has a meaning; invented or rare words need an explanation of how they are formed. Signs that directly describe the kind, quality, purpose or origin of the goods, or that have become generic, are refused on absolute grounds. Before filing, check whether the transliteration has a descriptive or negative meaning in Russian or Belarusian.

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After registration

Keeping the registration

A Belarusian registration needs no periodic declarations of use, but non-use can lead to a revocation request, and the registration ends if the renewal grace period is missed.

WhenWhat to doOfficial fee (2026 base value BYN 45)
From 3 years after registrationKeep using the mark in Belarus and keep evidence; others can ask the Supreme Court to terminate protection based on 3 consecutive years of non-useNone
In the last year of the term, then every 10 yearsRenew (can be done online through the "Е-паслуга" e-government portal)60 base values (BYN 2,700), no surcharge per class
Within 6 months after expiryRenew within the 6-month grace periodGrace period fee 19 base values (BYN 855), plus the renewal fee
Any timeRecord changes to the register, such as the name or address; record licence, assignment or pledge agreementsChanges 7 base values (BYN 315) per item; examination of a licence or assignment agreement 10 base values (BYN 450, plus 5 base values for each additional certificate)

The official fee for a post-registration opposition before the Appeals Board is 29 base values (BYN 1,305); an appeal against a refusal costs 19 base values (BYN 855). E-commerce brand registries usually also require a registered or pending trademark.

FAQ

Trademark registration in Belarus

How much does a Belarus trademark cost?

At the rates in Annex 23 of the Tax Code and the 2026 base value (BYN 45): for 1 class, the 10 base-value filing and formal examination fee and the 28 base-value substantive examination fee are paid at filing, BYN 1,710 in total; after approval, the 19 base-value registration and certificate fee, i.e. BYN 855, bringing official fees to BYN 2,565. Each additional class adds 5 base values (BYN 225), so 3 classes come to BYN 3,015 in official fees. Electronic filing cuts the filing fee to 85%. Applicants abroad pay in foreign currency at the rate on the day of payment. Service fees are quoted by the agent after you submit the order; you pay only after accepting the quote.

How long does trademark registration in Belarus take?

The statutory milestones are: formal examination 2 months; substantive examination within 2 years of the acceptance decision; after approval, registration within 1 month of NCIP receiving proof of payment of the registration fee and the certificate within 1 month of registration, a statutory maximum of 28 months. In February 2025 NCIP stated that it takes about 11 months in practice. From 26 July 2027 the substantive examination limit falls to 1 year and the certificate is issued within 5 working days. Examiner's queries, a refusal or re-examination make the process considerably longer.

Can a foreign company file directly with NCIP?

No. Applicants whose permanent residence or place of business is outside Belarus must act through a patent attorney registered with NCIP for filing and registration matters. If you designate Belarus through the Madrid System, you need no Belarusian attorney to file, but you must appoint one to answer a refusal notice or to appeal to NCIP.

Can I file a Eurasian Economic Union trademark now?

Not yet. The Treaty on Trademarks of the Eurasian Economic Union entered into force on 26 April 2021, and Belarus has listed the EAEU trademark fees in Annex 23 of the Tax Code and written the filing rules into the Registration Regulations, but filing opens only once all member states have completed their legislation and notified the Eurasian Economic Commission; as of the check date, no official announcement that any member state's office has started accepting applications could be found. For now, protection in Belarus, Russia and the other member states requires a separate application in each, or individual Madrid designations; for the rules in Russia, see Trademark registration in Russia.

Is there an opposition period in Belarus?

Not before registration. Once an application passes formal examination, NCIP publishes its details on its website for anyone to consult, but the law provides no procedure for third parties to oppose before registration. After registration, anyone can oppose before the Appeals Board: on relative grounds such as an earlier mark, within 5 years of publication of the registration; on absolute and other grounds, throughout the term. The opposition fee is 29 base values.

What happens if a registered mark is not used in Belarus?

After any 3 consecutive years of non-use without good reason following registration, anyone can ask the Supreme Court to terminate protection early for all or some of the goods. Use by a licensee counts, but preparatory acts with no direct link to putting goods on the market do not. Keep dated evidence of use in Belarus, such as sales contracts, invoices, customs declarations, advertising and web pages.

Other IP rights

Patents: invention, utility model and industrial design patents are handled by the National Center of Intellectual Property. PCT applications can enter the Belarusian national phase (the PCT has applied to Belarus since 25 December 1991), and a Eurasian patent from the Eurasian Patent Office also takes effect in Belarus (Belarus has been party to the Eurasian Patent Convention since 12 August 1995).

Industrial designs: besides a direct application to the National Center of Intellectual Property, Belarus can be designated through the Hague System (since 19 July 2021).

Patent applications are handled through an affiliated patent agency.

Other countries and territories in the region

Russia　·　Ukraine　·　Poland　·　Kazakhstan

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